Financial Crisis Essay Example for Free

Financial Crisis Essay Dear Grandchildren, The last two decades have seen important milestones being achieved, not only for America, but which also have global impact and implications. These milestones are in the technological, political, and financial arenas. They are also profound in the sense that life as was known before these changes would never be the same again. Below are some of the things I believe are the most significant, simply because they are a sign of the times and which have direct impact on our lives in America. Technologically, there has been a digital revolution, with the advent of the Internet on the world scene. The home computer is now a ubiquitous item, and easily replaces the television and radio as furniture, feature display, and entertainment console. It also provides business solutions, home office setups, a vast knowledge and information database, and connectivity with the rest of the world. There is virtually no chance for anyone to be a hermit anymore. Even we old folks have mastered the basic skills of emailing, skype-ing, googling, and Facebooking. What more can we ask for? These will keep us entertained for many more years to come. There will not be time and lack of interaction for us to grow senile. The array of gadgets is simply gorgeous! Mobile phones, netbooks, iPads, and LED TV screens are now the must-have items. They increase our productivity, schedule our lives, and keep us updated on the go. Social media has given us social convergence and brought us closer as a result; ironically, sometimes, they also cause us to be indifferent and insensitive to those physically closest to us. Politically, the United States has broken through the invisible ceiling and has installed for the first time in its history, an African American president. This is simply unthinkable, and had it not been for this moment in time, would not have happened at all. That said, it may herald the possibility for other minority races in the United States to reach the top spot. Barack Obama, at one stroke, has finally achieved that which had eluded activists all along. He has achieved the realization of emancipation for all African Americans. In his becoming President, he has been able to appease both the Democrats and the Republicans and thus far, he has been even-handed and circumspect. Financially, there has been a tremendous upheaval in both the American and global economies. There was the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997 which channeled much of the wealth then to the United States and Europe. This was however, reversed in 2008 when Wall Street literally collapsed, with brokerages, banks, and state institutions falling like dominoes. This has caused untold misery to millions of homeowners in America who had their houses foreclosed. This situation should be seen as completely unique to our time, for the financial equations may no longer work so effectively as before. Coupled with fraud, lack of transparency, and the sheer number of complex financial instruments that flooded the market, the whole financial sector is way overdue for a bypass and cleanup. This is the darkest period since the Great Depression in the 1930s. How will these events influence the future? I believe that these milestones represent yet another great development in the history of America and humanity in general. Technology will only continue to be improved with ever-increasing speeds and frightful ingenuity. The political climate will continue to evolve and result in hopefully a fairer system of governance that will represent the peoples of America. And financially, let us hope that the scares we went through are enough to jolt the wheelers and dealers to the fact that long-term stability is much more desirable than short-term gains and profiteering.

Techniques Used in Peter Porters Your Attention Please :: essays research papers

A poem written by Peter Porter is called â€Å"Your Attention Please†. Phrases like â€Å"Death is the least we have to fear† and â€Å"A nuclear rocket strike of at least one thousand megatons†, certainly got my attention. This poem is written in the form of a radio announcement, warning of a large nuclear attack aimed at all our major cities. It covers a serious subject and yet the tone used is used in a casual way. Many techniques are used which make this poem very effective. A rather strong feeling used throughout the whole poem is that it is satirising the government. It does so by using bureaucratic language that people often relate to officials and being organised. I felt that this acted as a disguise for the horrifying truth of the events happening. The voice had a sense of authority over me, made me feel that I should obey the advice given in commands. The poet uses this to get his opinions across discreetly using a satirising tone and allowing the reader to work it out for themselves. Words and phrases are used that intimidate you like, â€Å"To comply with the shelter Requirements published in the Civil Defence Code†, it would seem that in the time it took to say that the announcer could have moved on and stopped wasting time. We often relate this to a grander more pompous way of speaking. It makes you think almost like this attack was planned. You also feel intimidated by the use of precise times and exact measurements - such as - à ¢â‚¬Å"This announcement will take two and a quarter minutes to make†. This is also typical of a government speech, again wasting time with information you did not really need to know. Another meaning of this poem is possibly to prepare you for a nuclear attack and make you think of what you would do in this situation. This aspect of a war like this is shocking, however, it is obvious that the poet finds it ridiculous. This idea is familiar as it still works today as this threat is still existent. The idea of this happening to you and your family is genuinely chilling. This poem does contain a certain amount of poetic effect but if you were a listener it wouldn’t be obvious. Nevertheless there is a certain structure which is kept to through the poem.

Review on John Donne’s ‘Holy Sonnet 14’

Poem: Holy Sonnet XIV Name of author: John Donne Imprisoned In the poem Holy Sonnet XIV, John Donne writes about the different imprisonments of life. In his poem he is saying that he has fallen for the temptations of Gods enemy, the devil, and he is asking God to break the hold the devil has on him. John portrays that he is trapped and bound by the evils of the devil, and he wishes to be â€Å"divorced†(11) from the devil to be once again imprisoned by the love of God, either way he knows he â€Å"never shall be free†(13).The point John is making in this poem is that he loves God and no longer wishes to live with the sins and imprisonment of the devil, but rather be â€Å"enthralled†(13) by God. John first speaks of God as a â€Å"three-personed God†(1), meaning God is the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit. Throughout the poem John is at a fallen state, where he has fallen so hard it would be almost impossible for him to alone break the bond that he has with the devil, to be righteous and serve God. John is asking God to help him in breaking the bond, asking to â€Å"Batter†(1) his heart for God, breaking the unholy bond, the engagement that he has with the devil.John wishes to be the God-loving person he knows he is. John needs God’s powerful ways to make him a new person, today some call it a â€Å"born-again believer†, and John so badly wants God to â€Å"make me new†(4). John feels as if he has been taken over by the devil. John is pleading his case in this poem, to God as to why God should help him, defend him, save him, and make him new. This poem is like Johns prayer, pleading to God his reasoning in why God should help him, since God is his â€Å"viceroy†(7) that he should want to defend him.John is trapped as if he is held captive, and is weak and untrue to God, but at the same time still willingly and joyfully loves God. John uses the word â€Å"betrothed†(10) to emphasize that h e has been tied, or engaged to the devil in his actions and wished to be â€Å"divorced†(11). John is saying he is bound by the devil and doesn’t want to be imprisoned by the devil, but instead be imprisoned by God. It’s like no matter what path John is on, whether it is the path of the devil, or the path of God, he will be imprisoned either way and never be free.John grew up as a believer in God and he eventually grew to be known as â€Å"The Great Priest† by many people. A great priest doesn’t have to stray to far from God to feel as John felt in this poem because no one sin is greater than the other. This was not the first time John had felt he had strayed away from God â€Å"divorce me, untie, or break that knot again†(11). The Holy Sonnet XIV is about a man who felt as if he strayed away from God and how badly he wants God to help him get back on the right track, living for Him.John was catholic at a time when anti-catholic sentiment wa s common. He began to question his faith when his brother Henry died. John then soon struggled near poverty to support his family for almost 10 years. With him being in hard times and straying away from his religion, to then come to pick back up into his religion is an example of his life and what he wanted people to know by reading this poem. After he got back to his normal life, in religion, he then became the priest that we know him to be today.

Nietzsche Said Whoever Fights Monsters Should See To It

Nietzsche said Whoever fights monsters should see to it that in the process he does not become a monster. And when you look long into an abyss, the abyss also looks into you (Beyond Good and Evil, 146). Most people are convinced that they are the hero or heroine of a story, but if their motives are impure, selfish, or short sighted; they may very well turn out to be the villain. In the classic gothic novel, The Monk by Matthew Lewis in which several characters’ motives, lives, and deaths become intertwined. Ambrosio’s character proves that no person is incorruptible, while the film directed by Dominik Moll tries to add redemption to the character’s monstrous acts. In the eighteen-hundreds, when The Monk was first published it was seen as†¦show more content†¦Though neither meant to do harm, they both chose a life of sin and murder (Red Riding Hood’s â€Å"husband† ate her grandma) for a triste. While â€Å"Red† would have most likely been eaten otherwise, she still gives herself, seemingly happily, to the wolf with little thoughts of anyone else, but herself, displaying her vanity, corresponding to Ambrosio’s egotism with his audience and peers thoughts of him (Carter 110). The pious and godly man that was Ambrosio tries to make excuses for his behavior and pawns his guilt and judgement onto others. Soon every thought Ambrosio has is not that of a pious man, working for his Lord, but that of a man growing increasingly impatient for his wants; Antonia a young and innocent girl is the first on his list. Accordingly, he faults Elvira for requiring him to sneak into Antonia’s room to defile her, as Elvira has banished him from her home, for his mistreatment of her daughter, Antonia. Therefore, Dr. Jekyll and Ambrosio have very similar ideals about morality. Both seem to think that if no one perceives them as the guilty party, they are free to do as they please, while keeping their consciences clean. Ambrose uses magic to sneak around to defile Antonia secretly and Dr. Jekyll uses science to create an alternate persona to do as he wishes (Stevenson 86). Consequently, he blames Matilda for their dealings in witchcraft, deciding since she is the one wh o is doing the magic; he is blameless in theShow MoreRelatedReading Lolita s Tehr An Argumentative Essay1358 Words   |  6 Pagesavailable in order to persuade the reader to change. â€Å"... I have no choice but to appeal once again to your imagination.. â€Å"(26). Once again, the author throws the reader to a world of their own creation, showing them what exactly they want them to see. In order to change the purpose, using this appeal, it s allowing them to make sure that the reader understand what the other wants them to know. Enabling the reader s ability to imagine, Allowing themselves to place themselves in various differentRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 PagesGenetic modification f. Right tech for wrong reasons 3. Arts/Culture a. Arts have a future in Singapore? b. Why pursue Arts? c. Arts and technology d. Uniquely Singapore: Culture 4. Environment a. Developed vs. Developing b. Should environment be saved at all costs c. Are we doing enough to save the environment? d. Main reasons for environmental problems nowadays 5. Religion a. Religion divides more than it unites b. Religion and politics c. Science and religionRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesappropriate page within text. Copyright  © 2013, 2011, 2009, 2007, 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Prentice Hall. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material

The Minimum Wage War, By Barbara Ehrenreich And The Article

Why does it seem that the working class is set up for failure? Do these workers lack the experience in their chosen fields? Do these employees lack in their work ethic? Does the government need to give more support? Questions like these arise in both the story Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By In America by Barbara Ehrenreich and the article â€Å"The Minimum-Wage War† by Rolling Stone. At first glance, these writings may seem unrelated; However, the themes of minimum wage and work ethic go hand-in-hand with respect to these texts. These writings express the correlation that working a minimum wage job and having a strong work ethic does not always result in enough money to pay for the cost of living. Consequently, unskilled workers become forced to work two or more positions (or become a part of America’s underclass). To begin, Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By In America was a recollection of a social experiment about minimum wage work. From the title â€Å"T he Minimum-Wage War†, it may seem that Ehrenreich’s recollection of minimum wage work may not be as accurate as someone who faces the true pressures of working two minimum wage jobs a week; However, because she put herself in the same conditions, she created a credible study. Ehrenreich’s experiment was derived from the question â€Å"Could I income to expenses, as the truly poor attempt to do every day?† She worked in various minimum wage environments, such as restaurants, a hotel, a cleaning service, and a nursing home.Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Upton Sinclair s The Grapes Of Wrath 3839 Words   |  16 PagesSocial mobility, or the movement of an individual between the stratification of societal classes, remains virtually illusory, an unattainable falsity that millions have laboriously fought for since the turn of the twentieth century. Monopolies and wage slavery remain definite and palpable, both of which contribute to immobility between social rank ings, establishing an unbreakable cycle of poverty. The idyllic ethos of the American Dream, a belief that one will achieve success through hard work andRead More Feminism Essays3962 Words   |  16 Pageswomen, despite their views of difference feminism, hold varying expectations for the behavior of women. In her article What Abu Ghraib Taught Me, Barbara Ehrenreich recounts her the process by which she became disillusioned with the notion of female moral superiority. Despite claiming that she never believed that women were inherently gentler and less aggressive than men, Ehrenreich divulges her shock at the images of Spc.s Megan Ambuhl, Sabrina Harman, and Lynndie England, stating secretlyRead MoreHistory of Social Work18530 Words   |  75 PagesRichmond.......................................................................................................................................................29 George Orwell, John Howard Griffin, Pat Moore, Tolly Toynbee, Gà ¼nther W allraff, Barbara Ehrenreich ............30 Sir William Beveridge ..............................................................................................................................................32 Jane Jacobs (1916-2006) ..................................

Propaganda Is Spreading Of Information - 1617 Words

Propaganda is spreading of information aimed at influencing people to think in a way and support a specific cause. The information spread through propaganda, can either be negative or positive just as the cause being supported may either be just or unjust. The term has a negative connotation, especially when used in political circles to refer to the rumors and lies politicians tell electorates to turn them against other politicians, governments or so that they end up being voted into office (Trueman). Everyone is susceptible to the influence of propaganda. However, its impact is more pronounced among the youth and the less educated as compared to the older generation and scholars. Propaganda has existed for as long as the beginning of†¦show more content†¦During his reign, Hitler used propaganda to create hatred of Germans against the Jews and consequently, the persecution commenced with the national policy of coordinated persecution of the Jew (Trueman). The hatred towards the Jews residing in Germany was fueled by their then leader Adolf Hitler. In his book, Mein Kampf, Hitler refers to Germans as being the superior race. He noted that the superiority of the Germans was under threat by the Jews. He, also, referred to the Jews as a lazy population that had contributed nothing to the civilization of the world. He accused the Jewish race of introducing harmful vices such as prostitution and pornography. He also accused the Jews of being behind German’s defeat in the First World War. On taking power, Hitler ensured that anti-Semitic ideas against the Jews were spread to all. He mistreated them with the hope that they will end up emigrating from German. During his reign, the hostility towards the Jews increased. Many restaurants and shops denied Jews access. In some parts of German, Jews were denied entry into public parks and public means of transport. Germans were incited not to seek the services of German doctors or lawyers. Jews in public servi ce for instance teachers and journalists were laid off from their positions (Simkin). The result of the immense hatred was the genocide that led to the death of nearly 6 million Jews. The genocide is what isShow MoreRelatedThe Three Needs Of The United States During World War I941 Words   |  4 Pagesof Public Information was created to get the support the war needed from the people of the United States. Before United States declared war on Germany, the U.S. was not interested in getting involved in The Western Hemisphere. The president stayed neutral for as long as possible but he was forced to pick a side. The president’s decision caused the nation to divide. The first Under a former journalist named George Creel, the Wilson administration created the committee of Public Information to get supportRead MoreCentral Themes in the Work of Jacques Ellul708 Words   |  3 PagesJacques Ellul was a professor of history and the Sociology of Institutions on the Faculty of Law and Economic Sciences at the University of Bordeaux. He wrote 58 books and more than a thousand articles over his career, many of which discussed propaganda, the influence of technology on society, and also the correlation between religion and politics. The central theme of Ellul’s work proved to be the threat to human freedom and religion shaped by modern technology. Ellul’s continual concern wasRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Fake News766 Words   |  4 Pagesthe trusted and real news. Fake news are mostly fictitious articles that are used for the clickbait purpose leading the visitors get the virus and get information through such sites in some cases. The reason for the developing fake news is to gain money and popularity from false advertisements, false information. This can lead to misguided information being shared through online media. We can see lots of daily fake news in our newsfeed every day. And to the great surprise fake news gets the attentionRead MoreMusic as Propaganda in the German Reformation1059 Words   |  5 PagesMusic as Propaganda in the German Reformation The reformation was a religious and political movement that took place in the year 1517. This movement was spread by the Cristian humanist Martin Luther, when he posted his â€Å"Ninety Five Theses†. The reformation itself is one of those things everybody has heard about but no one quite understands, even nowadays, 500 years after this movement occurred. The main reason for this movement is unknown, however, some causes are being slowly known. First of allRead MorePropagand During World War II713 Words   |  3 PagesMiyu Hirose Fisher World History 4 25 February 2016 Propaganda Poster During World War 1, propaganda played a critical role on a global scale, persuading people to volunteer by putting effort to the war. Propaganda techniques were used for several purposes, in forms of posters, advertising, newspapers, speeches, photographs, rumours, cinema and music. These purposes were to obtain power for the battles of the war, to obtain money for financing the war, to encourage nationalistic feelings of theirRead MoreThe World War And Its Effects On Modern Society852 Words   |  4 Pageshave caused disputes concerning the morality of either side. War culture is a term commonly used to define the techniques used to justify a country’s amoral actions within the war. In the Second World War, war culture thrived, resulting in mass propaganda and censorship: this war culture was promoted similarity by the Axis and Allied governments and influenced the public’s views on nationalism, alienation, and morale. For the purpose of being able to carefully examine war culture with WorldRead MoreThe Color Of Water By Ray Bradbury1764 Words   |  8 Pages The spreading of information is the mold to which society’s viewpoints are created. Depending on who or how this information is spread, it may be phrased to garner a specific meaning or arouse a specific reaction. W.E.B. DuBois once hinted towards this manipulation of information in his statement, â€Å"Thus all art is propaganda and ever must be, despite the wailing of the purists†¦ I do not care a damn for any art that is not used for propaganda.† DuBois hints towards the fact that forms of expressionRead MorePropaganda and its Use in Society: Is it Fair? Essay978 Words   |  4 Pages Propaganda consists of the planned use of any form of public or mass-produced communication designed to affect the minds and emotions of a given group for a specific purpose, whether military, economic, or political (Levinson). Propag anda is used to gain the support of its viewers on an issue by either false or misleading information. In every war, from the First World War to the present day in Iraq, military propaganda has been used intensely. Military propaganda is the most effective typeRead MorePropaganda During The Middle Ages1396 Words   |  6 PagesPropaganda is a powerful tool that groups, or individuals use to gain or maintain power. Throughout the Middle Ages, the Catholic church used propaganda to gain power through Europe and maintain order even in the most turbulent times. In current times, powerful companies and government leaders use propaganda to increase profits and gain power. Even in our current information age, it is important to look at what is being shown and how much of something is being shown. In both times, propaganda isRead MoreWar Without Mercy, By John W. Dower1166 Words   |  5 Pagesplace, both America and Japan created propaganda posters, film, etc. to support their respective war efforts. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, American perceptions of the Japanese was epitomized by r acial propaganda that scrutinized their new powerful enemy. Meanwhile Japan sought to keep out the impure Western culture from spreading East by defaming it. Despite these differences, both nations’ utilized similar approaches in the creation of their propaganda, dehumanizing the inferior enemy while

PESTAL for china airlines free essay sample

PESTLE analysis would be used in order to figure out external macro environment of China Airlines. by examining political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental issues and trends of Taiwan within 1959 and 2009 time period. http://www. oxlearn. com/arg_Marketing-Resources-PESTLEMacro-Environmental-Analysis_11_31 Political Republic of China was established in 1911 and took under its control territory of China. After World War 2 it took Taiwan Island, which earlier belonged to Japan. However, during Civil War Republic of China lost its power and had to settle down in Taiwan. But it did not want to be under control of People’s Republic of China, moreover, it maintained that it was the valid government of Taiwan and mainland China as well. So, the relations between mainland China and Taiwan were frozen until 2007. Things became worth, when United Nations (UN) officially accepted the communist People’s Republic of China as Taiwan’s government. First, it lost its membership in International Civil Aviation Organization. (Why it was important? What caused? ). Also, due to the tight political relationships of People’s Republic of China with some countries, CAL lost international carrier contracts with Japan, Malaysia, Korea, Canada and Australia. One more example of political tension between Taiwan and mainland China happened when China Airlines accused mainland China of internationally attacking the plane with the missile. In 1991, CAL had to enter into joint venture with Koos Development Corporation and form Mandarin Airlines, in order to have an opportunity to operate in Canada and Australia. The other wise decision was to rebrand the company. There was a Republic of China’s national flag on the symbol of CAL at the beginning. First, it could seem that CAL supports ROC, and trying to participate in political dissension and it can cause resentment from the civilian population, secondly, it might countries which sympathize PRC or countries which wanted to keep neutrality. So, in order to avoid the influence of political situation of Taiwan on the airline as much as it is possible, CAL decided to change its symbol into pink plum blossoms and create new slogan-â€Å"blossom every day†. Thus, neutral brand image helped CAL to cooperate with several European cities as Amsterdam, Rome, Frankfurt and Vienna. Only in 2008, when Ma Ying-jeou became the president of Taiwan, significant steps on improvement of relationships between mainland China and Taiwan were taken. Improvement of the political situation positively influenced CAL. Eight Taiwan and five mainland China’s airports opened for flight operations. This helped to minimize the flight time of CAL carriers, which caused the reduction of operational costs and increase in passenger flow due to the direct flights, which were undoubtedly cheaper than traveling by transit. Eleven airlines from mainland China and Taiwan started to operate 18 flights in each direction, be October 2008. Good political relationships with mainland China allowed CAL to enter into agreements with Chinese airlines. It agreed with China Cargo Airlines and China Southern Airlines to exchange cargo space, which produced win-win outcomes for all three airlines (ann rep, 2008), besides, CAL got an opportunity to join SkyTeam alliance. (Which what). CAL started to cooperate with Chunghwa Post Co. in delivery of daily mail and postal goods to China. Expanded cross-strait flight agreement, signed on April 2009, allowed to increase passenger flights from 108 in 2008 to 270, and cargo flights from 30 in 2008 to 112 return services per month in 2009. CAL started 55 scheduled direct flights to 13 cities in mainland China. However, improvement of the political situation with mainland China and opening cross-strait routs allowed expansion not only for CAL, but for Chinese airlines as well, which means that CAL experienced strong competition. From the low cost mainland China airlines. Economic The Chirman of China Airlines Philip Wei states that â€Å"about 1 million of Taiwanese business people doing business in China. They constantly go back and forth between the two sides†. The other point is that, when people have jobs, they have money, wich they can spend on flights. Thus, unemployment rate of Taiwan is directly correlated with the passenger flow. National Statistics, Republic of China reports that starting from the 1978 to 2010 unemployment in Taiwan had an upward trend, http://www. tradingeconomics. com/taiwan/unemployment-rate, and the averageunemployment within this period was 2. 95 %. unemployment in Taiwan within this period reached its highest point in 2009 and lowest in 1981, which accounted for 6. 13% and 0. 86% respectively. In general unemployment rate of Taiwan had an upward trend, which means that, first, less and less people had an opportunity to travel by plane, because of absence of work and as a result absence of money; and second, less people are doing business in China and travel there. So, it can be said that unemployment rate of Taiwan within 1978-2010 time period negatively influenced airline businesses as a result China Airline Ltd. Despite the fact that political situaion and unemployment rate of Taiwan was not positive GDP of Taiwan during 1950-2010 had an upward going trand. An average economic growth of Taiwan over 1950-2010 was 8,10%, http://brage. bibsys. no/nhh/bitstream/URN:NBN:no-bibsys_brage_23799/1/Braaten%202010. pdf, during almost the half of the century Taiwan transformed from having a poor, agrarian to a developed economy. It can be seen from figure 2, that Taiwan’s growth rates exceed world economy almost in all years within 1951-1999 time period, however, in 1973 and 1979 it dropped dramatically, mainly because of the oil price shocks. As it was mentioned in the case, rising profits of CAL were paused because of oil crisis in 1973. However, oil shocks negatively influenced not only CAL, but the whole Taiwan. Increase in price for oil, deceased the revenue for airlines, because it can be seen from the financial statistics that operating revenues minus operating expenses give operating profits of the company. Increase of price for fuel increase operating expenses of CAL and other airlines, thus, reducing operating profits. And taxes for government are taken from the operating profits, which means that the less CAL got in operating profit, the less amount of money could be got from tax. Annual report of CAL in 2009 defines that in recent years aviation again suffered from the rising of fuel prices (Annual rep. 2009). For instance, in 2007 when competitors from mainland China presented profits, CAL suffered from loss of NT$2. 52billion due to the increasing costs for fuel and certain situational factors (Ann rep. 2007). Social Since the establishment of CAL in 1959, population of Taiwan had grown to 23000000 people by 2010 (figure 1), which means that potential market for sale had also grown. http://www. iatss. or. jp/common/pdf/en/iatss/composition/7CountriesReport_en_03Taiwan. pdf The more people in the country the better for the companies, because there are more chances to gain profits when population accounts for the 23000000 (figure 3), than when it is 15927167as it was in 1974 (http://www. iatss. or. jp/common/pdf/en/iatss/composition/7CountriesReport_en_03Taiwan. pdf) Life expectancy of Taiwanese citizens increased as well (figure 5), for instance, the average life expectancy of Taiwanese person reached for 78. 15 years by 2010. http://www. indexmundi. com/g/g. aspx? c=twv=30 This means that the number of retired people had increased. Most often, people in retirement spent their time for leisure, traveling. (find what old taiwaneese do) That is why; people in retirement are potential clients for CAL. On the other hand, there was a decrease in birth rate (http://uk. reuters. com/article/2010/04/02/us-taiwan-economy-birthrate-idUKTRE6310LD20100402 ). High per cent of retired citizens in accordance with the small birth rate meant that there were little workforce in Taiwan, so, the cost for labour increased with the increase in life expectancy rate and decrease in birth rate. Besides, it can influence not only workforce of the country, but the brainpower. Old people are less able for innovations, for development of new abilities, concentration is also, lower , than young generation. From this point of view, company could experience difficulties with the workforce for the company. CAL is actively involved in charity programs, mainly to support children, indigent families and young students (Ann. rep 2009). For instance, in 2009 CAL and the ROC Red Cross Society held fund-raising activity called â€Å"Making Dreams Come True†. China Airlines donated more than NT$1. 39 million, obtained from in-flight duty-free sales, to support poor families and subsidize living cost of young students (Ann rep 2009). Such actions tiny, but help to increase the level of life of Taiwanese, and indirectly can influence increase in number of educated people in the country, which is important for CAL itself, because it is a huge company, which need a lot of qualified employees. http://www. everyculture. com/Sa-Th/Taiwan. html Taiwan has diversified culture, †¦ CAL always tried to support cultural heritage and share it with other nationalities. That is why, CAL involve itself in social-benefit activities, helps to promote tourism, culture, arts and sports events (Ann. Rep 2009). For example, in 2009 CAL in accordance with Taiwan’s biggest bicycle brand, named Giant, promoted the â€Å"Cycling Paradise Taiwan† campaign in order to attract overseas travelers and share warm friendship of Taiwanese people and their diverse culture (Ann rep 2009). Moreover, Taiwanese government launched a project on increase of the number of tourists in the country (ann rep, 2007). China Airlines actively support this project and offers its resources to attract international tourists and media. (ann rep, 2007). This social involvement of CAL, beneficial for both: government and the company itself, because on the one hand, the flow of tourist can increase the GDP of the country, as they are potential on the other hand, tourists are potential clients of CAL, and the more number of tourist visit the county, the higher can be profits if CAL. It, also, support sport events, than as well can increase tourism in the country, which beneficial for CAL (ann rep 2007). Technological Much of Taiwan’s achievement in science and technology is attributable to public support for applied scientific development. Government-sponsored agencies, such as the Industrial Technology Research Institute and the National Applied Research Laboratories, have played important roles in advancing Taiwan’s scientific and technological development by conducting research, aiding RD in the private sector and exploring new technologies. To maintain Taiwan’s competitive edge in information technology, the government, industry and universities are active in efforts to develop cloud computing by rolling out new designs and supporting the creation of a Taiwan Cloud Valley For many years, Taiwan has ranked among the top five countries for the number of patents issued by the U. S. Patent and Trademark Office. It was the No. 3 recipient of all types of U. S. patents over the period 1977 to 2011. In terms of output of scientific papers, Taiwan ranked 16th worldwide in 2010 for the number of papers published in journals tracked in Thomson Reuters’ Science Citation Index, and ninth for those published in journals tracked in the organization’s Engineering Index. CAL owns world biggest-capacity 120000 pound engine test cell which allows maintaining its own aircraft engines and those of other aerospace companies and airline fleets in East Asia. Additionally, it is valuable and well organized because it shortens maintenance time, improves quality and helps with the recruitment of clients and the reduction of flight safety costs. The latest technology and high cost make this resource rare and hard to imitate. One more technological invention added by CAL is located at the High-Speed Rail Taoyuan Station. It offers flight check-in, baggage check-in and boarding pass insurance, which saves passenger’s time and relieves from lugging his/her baggage around. Besides, it provides 25% discount on the rail ticket, which is purchased together with CAL ticket. First of all this resource provides travelers with insurance, discount on tickets and convenience while making check-in if they have heavy luggage. Secondly, it is rare, as no other Taiwanese company can offer such service to their customers. Thirdly, it is difficult to copy this resource as other companies will have to make contract with such train stations in order to cooperate with them and finally it will be costly. Concerning organizational part of VRIO framework, this process is planned and well organized. http://www. ey. gov. tw/en/cp. aspx? n=437415b51c1b5b5a Environmental With the high development of Taiwan, it suffers big environmental problems. With the beginning of usage of mountain resources of Taiwan, it started to suffer from pollution of water, soil erosion, landslides, forest fires, sedimentation of reservoirs. (http://twgeog. geo. ntnu. edu. tw/english/environment/environment_problems. htm ) Airline business seriously pollutes the environment, because plains need a lot of fuel, and the testing machines and other equipment also, bring damage to the environment. Big cities as Taipei and Kaohsiung mostly suffer from